Napoleon III
Born:
April 20, 1808
Died:
January 9, 1873
Age:
64
Summary

Napoleon III (born Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873), the nephew of Napoleon I, was the first President of France from 1848 to 1852, and the last French monarch from 1852 to 1870. First elected president of the French Second Republic in 1848, he seized power in 1851, when he could not constitutionally be re-elected, and became the Emperor of the French. He founded the Second French Empire and was its only emperor until the defeat of the French army and his capture by Prussia and its allies in the Franco-Prussian War in 1870. He worked to modernize the French economy, rebuilt the center of Paris, expanded the overseas empire, and engaged in the Crimean War and the Second Italian War of Independence.

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Napoleon III after his death; wood-engraving in the Illustrated London News of January 25, 1873, after a photograph by Mssrs. Downey.
Napoleon III after his death; wood-engraving in the Illustrated London News of January 25, 1873, after a photograph by Mssrs. Downey.
"Napoleon III receives the rulers and illustrious men who visited the Exposition Universelle of 1867".
"Napoleon III receives the rulers and illustrious men who visited the Exposition Universelle of 1867".
Eugénie, Empress of the French
Eugénie, Empress of the French
The final French assault brought about the capture of Sevastopol in September 1855, leading to the end of the Crimean War.
The final French assault brought about the capture of Sevastopol in September 1855, leading to the end of the Crimean War.
The Four Napoleons (collage, about 1858).
The Four Napoleons (collage, about 1858).
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte
Napoleon III in 1863
Napoleon III in 1863
In this portrait by Adlophe Yvon, the French emperor is shown in his prime, two years before the defeat of his forces in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871).[45] The Walters Art Museum.
In this portrait by Adlophe Yvon, the French emperor is shown in his prime, two years before the defeat of his forces in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871).[45] The Walters Art Museum.
Napoleon III, after his defeat and capture at Sedan in September 1870, with the victorious Fürst Otto von Bismarck.
Napoleon III, after his defeat and capture at Sedan in September 1870, with the victorious Fürst Otto von Bismarck.
D'Allonville's cavalry in Paris during Napoleon III's 1851 coup.
D'Allonville's cavalry in Paris during Napoleon III's 1851 coup.
Looting of the Yuan Ming Yuan by Anglo-French forces in the Second Opium War in 1860.
Looting of the Yuan Ming Yuan by Anglo-French forces in the Second Opium War in 1860.
Imperial Standard of Napoleon III
Imperial Standard of Napoleon III
Siege of Puebla, Mexico.
Siege of Puebla, Mexico.
Napoleon III receiving the Siamese embassy at the palace of Fontainebleau in 1864
Napoleon III receiving the Siamese embassy at the palace of Fontainebleau in 1864
Capture of Saigon by Charles Rigault de Genouilly on 18 February 1859, painted by Antoine Morel-Fatio.
Capture of Saigon by Charles Rigault de Genouilly on 18 February 1859, painted by Antoine Morel-Fatio.
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